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The Pearl of Zandvoort (1935)

Max Euwe vs Alexander Alekhine · World Championship Match (game 26), 1935 · Dutch Defence (Nimzo-Dutch) · 1–0

20… Bf6
White to move. The position looks balanced, but Euwe found a knight sacrifice on f5 that rips Black open. Can you find the move that begins the combination?
Max Euwe vs Alexander Alekhine

Zandvoort, 1935. In game 26 of his World Championship match with Alexander Alekhine, Max Euwe played one of the finest games of his life — a deeply calculated central break and knight tour that toppled the great champion. Nicknamed the 'Pearl of Zandvoort,' it put Euwe within reach of the title he would win.

The lesson

A well-timed central break can unleash a knight to dominate a whole board. Euwe's pieces looked modest until e4 and the knight's journey through f5–d6–e4 tore Black's position open. Patience, then a precise pawn break, then a knight that goes everywhere: the model way to convert a small edge.

Move by move

4… Be74.Bd2 Be7 — a Nimzo-Dutch. Alekhine, with Black, sets up the same aggressive Dutch he often used; Euwe meets it with calm, classical development.
10. Ne510.Ne5 — Euwe centralises the knight and prepares to trade off Black's strong light-squared bishop, simplifying toward a position he understands.
13. d513.d5 — staking out central space and fixing Black's pawns. Euwe is patiently building before he strikes.
17. f417.f4! Opening lines on the kingside. The quiet build-up is over; Euwe is preparing the central break that defines the game.
21. Nxf521.Nxf5! The key sacrifice. The knight gives itself up to shatter Black's structure and open the position for White's pieces.
23. Nxe423.Nxe4 — the knight, having toured f5 and d6, lands on e4 dominating the board. Black's position is cracking.
25. e425.e4! The central pawn break that powers the whole attack, freeing White's pieces toward the black king.
28. e628.e6! A passed pawn knifes into Black's camp, splitting the defence and creating decisive threats.
36. Qe536.Qe5 — Euwe forces the queen trade, knowing the resulting endgame with the advanced e-pawn and active knight is winning.
47. Ne4+47.Ne4+ — Alekhine resigned. The knight that began its journey on f5 delivers the final blow. The 'Pearl of Zandvoort' brought Euwe to the brink of the world title, which he won days later.

Frequently asked

Why is it called the 'Pearl of Zandvoort'?

Game 26 of the 1935 World Championship was played in the Dutch seaside town of Zandvoort, and Euwe's beautifully precise win — a deep knight manoeuvre and central break against the reigning champion — was hailed as a 'pearl.' It became one of his most famous games.

Did this game win Euwe the title?

It was the decisive turning point. The win put Euwe ahead near the end of the match, and he held on to defeat Alekhine and become the fifth World Chess Champion in 1935 — the first (and so far only) Dutch player to hold the title.

Can I play the combination?

Yes — take the board as Euwe and try to find the knight sacrifice 21.Nxf5 and the break that follows, or step through the whole game, no sign-up.

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