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Bishop Pair

Strategy · also: two bishops

The bishop pair is the advantage of having both of your bishops while the opponent has only one (or none), since together they cover squares of both colours.

If White plays a3 here, the bishop on b4 is challenged and a trade of that bishop for the c3-knight would hand White the bishop pair.

Each bishop is stuck on one colour forever, so a single bishop can only ever influence half the board. Keep both and they complement each other perfectly, sweeping light and dark squares alike — that combined reach is what makes the pair valuable.

The bishop pair is at its best in open positions where the long diagonals are clear; in blocked, locked-up positions a well-placed knight can be just as good or better. As a rough guide, masters treat the two bishops as worth around half a pawn of long-term advantage.

Practically, this shapes trading decisions: if you hold the pair, try to keep the position open and avoid swapping a bishop for a knight without good reason. If the opponent has it, look to close the position or trade one of their bishops off.

Frequently asked

Why is the bishop pair an advantage?

Two bishops cover both colours of squares between them, giving long-range control of the whole board. That's especially powerful in open positions where their diagonals are clear.

Is the bishop pair always better?

No. In closed positions with locked pawns, a knight can be as good as or better than a bishop, so the pair is most valuable when the position is — or can be — opened up.

Related terms

Open File
Strategy
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Outpost
Strategy
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