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Combination

Tactics · also: forced sequence, tactical shot

A combination is a forced sequence of moves — usually built around a sacrifice — that leads to a concrete gain such as checkmate or winning material.

A queen-sacrifice combination: White plays Qe8+! The only legal reply is Rxe8, which drags the rook off the back rank, and then Rxe8# is checkmate. The whole sequence is forced.

What makes a combination different from ‘just playing well’ is that it is forcing and calculable. Each of your moves leaves the opponent with very few replies — checks, captures, and direct threats — so you can see the whole sequence through to a definite result.

Most combinations weave together the basic tactical motifs: a sacrifice to clear a line or deflect a defender, a check to force the king somewhere, then a fork, pin, or mate to cash in. The sacrifice is the spark; the forced follow-up is what makes it work.

Training combinations is the fastest way to gain rating. Solving puzzles teaches your eye to spot the loose piece, the exposed king, or the overworked defender that a forcing sequence can exploit.

Frequently asked

What’s the difference between a combination and a tactic?

A tactic is a single motif like a fork or a pin. A combination is a forcing sequence of several moves — often using one or more tactics plus a sacrifice — that ties them together into a concrete, calculated gain.

Does a combination always involve a sacrifice?

Very often, but not always. Many writers reserve the word ‘combination’ for forcing sequences that include a sacrifice; others use it for any forced tactical sequence that wins by calculation.

Related terms

Sacrifice
Tactics
Read ›
Back-Rank Mate
Tactics
Read ›
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